Changes in Blood Elements Determined by Use of Articaine as a Local Anesthetic in Dental Medicine

Magdalena Rusu-Negraia ,Ruxandra Sfeatcu ,Dan Negraia ,Angelica Bencze ,Ioana Stanciu ,Malina Popa ,Costinela-Luminita Defta ,Dan Serbanoiu ,Mariana Pacurar

doi:10.37358/rc.19.12.7742

Abstract

Local anesthetics are the most efficient substances used to manage pain in dental medicine. Articaine is the only amide-type local anesthetic that contains also an ester group (thiophene group), thus its metabolism occurs both in plasma and in liver. This study aims to determine the haematological changes induced by local and also loco-regional anesthesia with articaine among a group of dental pacients. The values obtained at baseline were compared with those evaluated after 30 and 60 minutes, respectively. Results showed that haematological modifications are minimal and not significant from statistical point of view. Further analysis are recommended for all parameters with continuous modifications during the studied period of time, especially for patients with associated general diseases. Keywords: articaine, haematology, dental anesthesia

Highlights

Local anesthetics are the most efficient substances used to manage pain in dental medicine
Injecting a certain amount of local anesthetic near the nervous fibers will result in a local anesthesia adequate enough for most of the therapeutical manoevers commonly performed in a dental office
Similar to any medical substance, local anesthetics too can induce adverse reactions and/or complications [4]. These reactions/complications can be minor due to the local absorbtion of the local anesthetic from the injection site or can be major – signs of cardiac or central nervous system toxicity [5,6], The gravity of these reactions/complications depends upon the technique used for the anesthesia, the type of local anesthetic used, the total amount of substance used in one session and upon the associated systemic diseases that the patients have and their medication [7,8]

Summary

Introduction

Local anesthetics are the most efficient substances used to manage pain in dental medicine. This study aims to determine the haematological changes induced by local and loco-regional anesthesia with articaine among a group of dental pacients. Similar to any medical substance, local anesthetics too can induce adverse reactions (nervousness, agitation, dizziness, tachypnea) and/or complications (hypertensive crisis, postural hypotension, seizures) [4] These reactions/complications can be minor due to the local absorbtion of the local anesthetic from the injection site or can be major – signs of cardiac or central nervous system toxicity (generically called Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity – LAST) [5,6], The gravity of these reactions/complications depends upon the technique used for the anesthesia, the type of local anesthetic used, the total amount of substance used in one session and upon the associated systemic diseases that the patients have and their medication [7,8]. Its use is indicated only for local or loco-regional anesthesia in dentistry and maxilo-facial surgery and can be found as a 4% solution only in combination with epinephrine 1:200.000 or 1:100.000 [11]

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Conclusion