Abstract
This study aimed to investigate changes in macronutrients, total bacterial count, and serum proteome of human milk (HM) under different frozen storage (−18°C and −60°C, 60 d and 180 d) by using IBT Labeling proteomics techniques and ELISA kit. The results indicated that total protein concentrations and total aerobic bacterial counts were significantly decreased at −18°C, while no difference at −60°C. A total of 1617 proteins were identified and quantified, and 173 proteins were significantly different. The −18°C storage had much higher influence on HM serum protein profiles than that of −60°C. Increased milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteins at −18°C are highly related to the damage of MFGM and transfer of MFGM proteins. The reduction of bioactive proteins is probably related to the ice-induced denaturation. In conclusion, fast cooling and ultra-low constant temperature are more suitable for the cryopreservation of human milk.
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