Changes in α-glucosidase inhibition, antioxidant, and phytochemical profiles during the growth of Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn)

Qiang Ren,Wei Liu,Ming Zhao,Chun-Mei Sai,Jian-An Wang

doi:10.1080/10942912.2018.1560314

Qiang Ren, Wei Liu + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2018.1560314

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Abstract

ABSTRACTTartary buckwheat has become popular healthful food due to its antidiabetic and antioxidant activities. In the current study, the in-vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidative activities of different parts of Tartary buckwheat were evaluated throughout the growth stages. In addition, the phytochemical profiles and quantitative analysis were further achieved by HPLC-DAD. Tartary buckwheat root extracts at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL showed significant inhibition more than 80% in the flowering and yield stage, while acarbose was 87.4% inhibition at 5 mg/mL. It also showed good antioxidant capacity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl, 2, 2ʹ-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, and ferric reducing antioxidant power determination. The antioxidant capacities of roots ranged from 128 to 158 μM VC, from 226 to 409 μM VC, and from 77 to 205 μM butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (equaling VC or BHT per 1 g of dry weight), respectively. Chemical composition analysis showed that the leaf contained more rutin and the root more phenylpropanoid. The results may provide a better understanding of the variation of Tartary buckwheat as a functional food for preventing diabetes and antioxidant.

Highlights

Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn) is an important alternative cereal crop that belongs to the Polygonaceae family
The pharmacological studies demonstrated that the hulls, brans, flours, groats, and seeds of Tartary buckwheat had various pharmacological activities such as antioxidant activity, which was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2, 2ʹ-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) free radical scavenging ability,[1,2,3,4,5,6] ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP),[5,6,7] angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitory activity,[7] antitumor activity of Tartary buckwheat protein against human mammary cancer cell Bcap37,[8] Tartary buckwheat bran extracts against antiproliferative of human liver cancer cells (HepG2) in vitro,[9] and antidiabetic activity of Tartary buckwheat bran extract being investigated through male KK-Ay mice and C57BL/6 mice.[10]
The DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacities of the different growth stages and parts of Tartary buckwheat

Summary

Introduction

Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn) is an important alternative cereal crop that belongs to the Polygonaceae family. Tartary buckwheat may be a promising food resource for the antioxidant and antidiabetic agents. The pharmacological studies demonstrated that the hulls, brans, flours, groats, and seeds of Tartary buckwheat had various pharmacological activities such as antioxidant activity, which was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2, 2ʹ-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) free radical scavenging ability,[1,2,3,4,5,6] ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP),[5,6,7] angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitory activity,[7] antitumor activity of Tartary buckwheat protein against human mammary cancer cell Bcap37,[8] Tartary buckwheat bran extracts against antiproliferative of human liver cancer cells (HepG2) in vitro,[9] and antidiabetic activity of Tartary buckwheat bran extract being investigated through male KK-Ay mice (type 2 diabetic) and C57BL/6 mice (the control).[10] The studies reported that three flavonoids, such as quercetin, isoquercetin, and rutin from Tartary buckwheat bran were effective inhibitors against α-glucosidase.[11,12]

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