Abstract
The parameters of the outside air in Poland cause that in winter it is reasonable to use a mechanical ventilation equipped with a heat recovery exchanger. The time of spring, autumn, summer evenings and nights are often characterized by the parameters of the air, which allow for a natural ventilation and reduce the electricity consumption. The article presents the possibilities of energy consumption reduction for three energy standards of buildings located in Poland, ventilated by a change–over hybrid system. The analysis was prepared on the assumption that the air–to–water heat pump is the heat source for the buildings.
Highlights
1.1 Residential ventilation solutions in PolandA typical ventilation in single-family buildings in Poland is implemented in one of two ways – natural/gravity or mechanical
The air exchange is provided by two fans placed in the air handling unit (AHU), equipped with an exhaust air heat recovery exchanger, air filters and a heater
The total final energy demand for the building with the mechanical ventilation comes from the electricity required to run the heat pump for the building’s heating (QHP,MW) and the electricity required for the central air supply
Summary
1.1 Residential ventilation solutions in PolandA typical ventilation in single-family buildings in Poland is implemented in one of two ways – natural/gravity or mechanical. In the natural system the driving force of the air exchange is the pressure difference on the building partition, caused by the difference of internal and external temperature and by the wind This is the basic system used over many years in the Polish construction industry. Along with the change of regulations related to the quality of buildings, their thermal insulation improvement and energy demand reduction, the currently used mechanical systems are becoming popular This type of ventilation in detached buildings reduces the energy consumption needed in the natural system for heating the outdoor infiltration air rate. In winter the volume of the exchanged air is higher than during the rest of the year and the reason is the large difference between the internal and external temperatures It has a significant impact on the energy demand and the building heating costs. It may happen that the air exchange ceases completely
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