Abstract
The breakdown of the drill bit or rapid decrease of the rate of penetration during the drilling process results in a delay in the progress of drilling. Scientists and engineers are increasingly focusing on research to extend the bit life and improve the drilling rate. In our work, “in situ” drilling parameters were monitored during the drilling process with the roller cone drill bit IADC 136, diameter 155.57 mm (6 1/8"). After drilling, the bit was thoroughly examined to determine the damage and wear that occurred during drilling. The following modern and standardized investigative methods were used: an analysis of rock materials and an analysis of micro and macrostructure materials of the roller cone bit. Analyses were carried out using optical and electron microscopy, a simultaneous thermal analysis of materials of drill bit, analysis of the chemical composition of materials of drill bit, and a determination of the geomechanical parameters of rock materials. The resulting wear, local bursts, and cracks were quantitatively and qualitatively defined and linked to the drilling regime and the rock material. The results of our investigation of the material of the roller cone bit can serve as a good base for the development of new steel alloys, which can resist higher temperatures and enable effective drilling, without structural changes of steel material.
Highlights
The lifetime of the roller cone bit or the time of effective drilling operations depends on the properties of the materials from which the components of the roller cone bit are made
The results of our analysis show both the way and mechanisms that cause the wear of the bit material to fail in certain rock properties in conjunction with drilling operational parameters
We analyzed the mechanical properties of the steel material of the IADC 136 roller cone bit Ø 155.57 mm (6 1/8"), which drilled through carbonate siltstone, in which sandstone sheets appear as well as rare thin layers of clay and limestone with a total length of 87.89 m
Summary
The lifetime of the roller cone bit or the time of effective drilling operations depends on the properties of the materials from which the components of the roller cone bit are made. The effective operation of the bit depends on its resistance to the factors that occur during its operation. Among the factors that have a significant impact on the effective operation of the roller cone bit, we can include the following: the steel material from which the rollers and the teeth of the bit are made, and the drilling parameters (load on the bit during drilling, torque, the number of bit rotations, and the amount and properties of the drilling fluid) in relation to the rock properties through which we drill.
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