Change in potato productivity under the impact of viral diseases

Abstract

In 2014-2019 as part of comprehensive tests of the antiviral activity of a number of products in the field, a comparative assessment of the productivity of healthy potato plants and generations of plants of different varieties previously artificially inoculated with phytopathogenic viruses Y, S, M was carried out. During the testing period, in small-plot field experiments on a site at the Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev Plant Protection Station (Moscow), the yield of the Ilyinsky plants infected Potato virus M decreased on average by 48,8%, of the Red Scarlet plants infected with Potato virus Y - by 54,9%, of the Adretta plants infected with Potato virus S - by 52,3%. In 2016 under the production conditions of Lipetsk region the yield loss of the potato variety Ramos was 31,8%, and in the Astrakhan region the yield of the potato variety Impala decreased by 36%. The effect of viruses on the content of photosynthetic pigments in infected plants was studied. In comparison with healthy plants the percentage of total chlorophyll in the wet weight of the leaves of the Ilyinsky plants decreased by 23,2%, of the Red Scarlet plants - by 19,7%, of the Adretta plants - by 15,8%. Varietal differences were revealed in the changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in tubers, starch and dry matter content from various viral pathogens.