Change in phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity and isozyme patterns of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase by salicylic acid leading to enhance resistance in cowpea against Rhizoctonia solani

Abstract

In this paper, we describe a study concerning the determination of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activities leading to decline in disease progress caused by Rhizoctonia solani after application of salicylic acid (SA). Two applications of 1.4 mM SA (pH 6.5) followed by inoculation with Rhizoctonia solani resulted in a quantitative change in polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (PRX) isoforms and increase in PAL activities from 4.38 to 19.48 unit g−1 (FM) h−1 in Bundel-1, UPC-4200 and IFC-902 cowpea genotypes. Increase in PAL activities was further observed specifically in UPC-4200 when plants were exposed with Rhizoctonia solani spores. Total soluble proteins did not change after SA treatment, however they were significantly increased in SA sprayed-inoculated UPC-4200 genotype. Of the ten detected isoforms of polyphenol oxidase, isoforms 7 and 10, and isoform 4 of peroxidase showed increased activities by SA application. The disease symptoms measured as areas under progress curve (AUDPC) indicated less A value in SA sprayed Bundel-1 and UPC-4200 genotypes over their controls.