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Abstract
ObjectiveThis study investigated change detection of central or marginal interest in images using a change-blindness paradigm with eye tracking.MethodEighty-four drug-naïve adolescents [44 with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)/40 controls with typical development] searched for a change in 36 pairs of original and modified images, with an item of central or marginal interest present or absent, presented in rapid alternation. Collected data were detection rate, response time, and gaze fixation duration, latency, and dispersion data.ResultsBoth groups' change-detection times were similar, with no speed–accuracy trade-off. No between-group differences were found in time to first fixation, fixation duration, or scan paths. Both groups performed better for items of central level of interest. The ADHD group demonstrated greater fixation dispersion in scan paths for central- and marginal-interest items.ConclusionResults suggest the greater gaze dispersion may lead to greater fatigue in tasks that require longer attention duration.
Highlights
Attention-based mechanisms play an essential role in development, redirecting cognitive resources to new or salient stimuli, and facilitating information processing and adaptive response [1]
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impaired attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity [2]
A previous study among children [25], the adolescent ADHD group performed similar to the controls in the number of errors, response times, and to first fixation (TFF), as well as total fixation duration (TFD) on the changing item and measures of scan paths
Summary
Attention-based mechanisms play an essential role in development, redirecting cognitive resources to new or salient stimuli, and facilitating information processing and adaptive response [1]. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impaired attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity [2]. Various studies have shown that in adolescence, the inattentional features are dominant and often manifest as limited attention span, disengagement, or distractibility [4]. As children with ADHD progress to adolescence, core symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity tend to decrease over time, inattention tends to persist [5, 6]. Studies have shown that deficits in visual processing, vigilance, and inhibition continue into adolescence, at the same time, showing inconsistencies in response times impairments in adolescence [7]. Adolescents may differ from children with regard to their neuropsychological profile of cognitive control and attention
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