Abstract
In this paper, a comprehensive real-time dispatch model considering renewable uncertainty based on dynamic load flow (DLF) is proposed. Through DLF, the primary and secondary frequency regulation amount caused by the variation of renewable energy as well as the line flow when primary and secondary regulation are deployed can be obtained easily. Not only the frequency constraints, but also the regular constraints like generator production limits and line flow limits are respected under both primary and secondary frequency regulation. To solve the dispatch problem with renewable uncertainty, chance-constrained programming based on cumulants and Cornish-fisher expansions (CCP-CMCF) is adopted to get the probability of holding the chance constraints and then the real-time dispatch model can be transformed into a quadratic programming. The simulation results show that the dispatch model proposed in this paper can deal with both primary and secondary regulation well and has a fast computation speed.
Highlights
Power systems have been undergoing a significant increase in renewable energy penetration over the past decades
In order to overcome the drawbacks of the existing methods of calculating the probability of holding constraints, we propose a chance-constrained programming based on Cumulants and Cornish-fisher expansion (CCP-CMCF) to solve the real-time dispatch with renewable uncertainty and frequency regulation, in which the cumulants of random variables and Cornish-fisher expansions are adopted to calculate the probability of holding chance constraints
CCP-CMCF is adopted in our real-time dispatch model, in which cumulants and Cornish-fisher expansions are adopted to get the probability of holding the chance constraints and the real-time dispatch model can be transformed into a quadratic programming
Summary
Power systems have been undergoing a significant increase in renewable energy penetration over the past decades. Their volatility and unpredictable nature, make large-scale integration of these renewable sources challenging. Large fluctuations of wind power in a short time period, such as significant increases or decreases will cause system frequency fluctuations, which threaten the reliability and security of power system operation. An affine adjustment of automatic generation control (AGC) units is applied in [2,3], in which all unbalanced wind power is allocated by AGC units with their participation factor, but it only considers the secondary regulation of frequency. The authors of [4] proposed a formulation for frequency constraints from the point of kinetic energy, but it cannot consider the transmission constraints during the primary control
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