Abstract
ABSTRACT The northern Quaker family of Backhouse — flaxmillers, bankers and nurseymen of Darlington and York in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries — made a substantial contribution to natural history within and beyond their region. This work has been little recognised even by their biographers or in the standard work by Raistrick.1 They mixed banking with botany; they explored remote habitats in the antipodes and near at home; they mixed the pioneer cultivation of new and exotic plants with the excavation of old and new bones in caves in northern England and on the continent. One, James Backhouse, passed from expository missionary to exploratory botanist; another from clerk to ornithological taxonomist.
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