Abstract
BackgroundDespite the successful rollout of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and steep declines in HIV incidence in South Africa, this has not been the case for adolescents (10–19 years). Adolescents on HIV treatment have lower rates of viral load suppression and adherence compared to adults and children.ObjectivesThis article reports on the adherence challenges faced by adolescents receiving ART in a primary health care clinic in a low socio-economic urban setting in Cape Town.MethodAn exploratory qualitative design was employed where data were collected through four focus group discussions with adolescents (n = 15) who received ART at a primary health care clinic in a low socio-economic urban setting in Cape Town and followed up with eight individual, semi-structured interviews with two adolescents from each focus group. Two key informant interviews were conducted with health workers at the clinic. Audio data were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using content analysis.ResultsSchool commitments, strained teacher–learner relationships, negative household dynamics and ill treatment by non-biological caregivers were reported as major barriers to adherence. In addition, poor service delivery, missing or misplaced files and long waiting times came under major criticism. Fear of unintended disclosure of HIV status, stigma and discrimination, treatment fatigue and having unstructured lives negatively influenced adherence. Having a strong social support system and having life goals and ambitions were motivators to remain adherent.ConclusionThis study highlighted the complexity of ART adherence in the midst of juggling school, home life and personal life goals and aspirations. Interventions to improve adherence should address psychosocial factors such as treatment fatigue, disclosure and family and household dynamics, in addition to streamlining service delivery between the school and clinic.
Highlights
BackgroundGlobally, there are 2.1 million adolescents (10–19 years) estimated to be living with HIV in 2016, which accounts for 6% of all people living with HIV.[1]
The successful scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and Prevention of Mother To Child Transmission (PMTCT) programmes has led to the improved survival of perinatally infected children – who are the ‘first generation’ of children with HIV entering adolescence.[2]
Participants often expressed feeling conflicted between school commitments and the need to attend clinic appointments
Summary
There are 2.1 million adolescents (10–19 years) estimated to be living with HIV in 2016, which accounts for 6% of all people living with HIV.[1] The successful scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and Prevention of Mother To Child Transmission (PMTCT) programmes has led to the improved survival of perinatally infected children – who are the ‘first generation’ of children with HIV entering adolescence.[2] Despite improved access to ART and steep declines in HIV incidence and HIV-related mortality globally, HIV-related mortality amongst adolescents (15–19 years) has increased by about 50% between 2005 and 2012.3,4. Despite the successful rollout of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and steep declines in HIV incidence in South Africa, this has not been the case for adolescents (10–19 years). Adolescents on HIV treatment have lower rates of viral load suppression and adherence compared to adults and children
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
