Abstract
The relationship between culture, creativity and sustainable development has been placed on the agenda of institutions that promote human development and sustainability at an international level, such as The United Nations Program for the Environment, Sustainable Development Goals of the UN, UNESCO’s Creative Cities Network. Therefore, it is worth investigating how this approach is being implemented in the development strategies of cities in Chile. First, this article presents the result of the review of national development policies in the field of culture, the environment and urban development, to identify how it is approached the relationship between culture and sustainable urban development. In the second place, it presents case studies of cities that have implemented culture and creativity in their local development strategies, with positive results in some of the four variables of sustainable development: culture, social development, environment and economic development. In conclusion, it can be identified that although the link between culture and sustainability is beginning to be present in the guiding instruments of public policies for the development of cities, this is not an approach incorporated in most of them, contrasting with the importance of the link between culture and sustainable development in the practice of civil society organizations and municipalities.
Highlights
In this article we would like to review the relationship between culture and sustainable development in approaches and programs of international organisms, the policies and strategies of cultural development in Chile, to propose the city as an intervention focus for cultural policies in Chile and propose some elements to consider for this intervention model
Since the decade of the 80s, culture has been proposed as an axis of sustainable development along with a set of documents that guide policies and programs from different international institutions, such as Cooperation programs for development and national plans that we will name ahead: UNESCOs Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity (4) proposed that within the framework of the growing globalization of economy and culture, the recognition and preservation of the diversity of cultures is a necessary factor for adequate human development
This is why United Cities and Local Governments (UCLG) Committee on Culture elaborated documents called Culture in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) A Practical Guide for Local Action (9) whose objective is to demonstrate that cultural aspects are key to reaching the proposed objectives
Summary
In this article we would like to review the relationship between culture and sustainable development in approaches and programs of international organisms, the policies and strategies of cultural development in Chile, to propose the city as an intervention focus for cultural policies in Chile and propose some elements to consider for this intervention model. Since the 1980 decade, there have been proposals to change the way of understanding development strategies in general and urban development in particular, where the social, the environmental and lately the cultural dimension have been added to sheer economic development. Theorists such as John Hawkes and Eduard Miralles (2) situate culture as the fourth pillar of development, reaching the term “cultural shift” in sustainable development strategies. Along with this, the main international organism that promotes local development and culture such as the World Organization of United Cities and Local Governments and the UNESCO have incorporated culture in a multitude of documents that guide policies, conventions and programs (3)
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