Challenges in the work process in the Family Health Strategy

Eduardo Costa,Fabiane Ferraz,Letícia Lima Trindade,Jacks Soratto

doi:10.1590/1982-0216/20202227619

Eduardo Costa, Fabiane Ferraz + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0216/20202227619

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose: to analyze the work process of the Family Health teams in the municipality of Caxias do Sul, in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Methods: this is a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research conducted in four Family Health Strategy (FHS) units, with the participation of 22 health professionals. The data were collected through a semi-structured interview and analyzed through the theme content analysis, aided by the Atlas.ti software. Results: the results were organized in three categories: (1) Roles, reality and idealization of working in the FHS, in which health prevention and curative practices appeared as the focus of the work process; (2) Elements of working in the FHS, which dealt with the purpose of the work connected to health prevention, related instruments, hard technologies and work object, in relation to professional specificities; and (3) Challenges and perspectives of working in the FHS, which emphasizes the fragilities, due to the shortage of professionals and the need for managerial improvement, as well as commitment and teamwork as potentialities. Conclusion: in the work process in health, the preventive professional actions with curative focus were predominant. The challenges were centered on redirecting the work process toward the Family Health approach.

Highlights

Various international movements in history have sought to oppose the Flexnerian biomedical model, which is centered on specialized practices, focused on the existing disease and in fragmented action as its attention core and care guide
As the main representative of primary health care (PHC), the Family Health Strategy (FHS) began in 1994 characterized as a program; its effectiveness made it rise to the status of strategy, as it furnished considerable improvements in health indicators[3]
The subcategory “roles of the FHS” expresses an interconnection between practice and theory, as knowing the role of the FHS leads to the knowledge of what is recommended and what is done in the daily work process at the PHC

Summary

Introduction

Various international movements in history have sought to oppose the Flexnerian biomedical model, which is centered on specialized practices, focused on the existing disease and in fragmented action as its attention core and care guide. In Brazil, the most promising experience of incorporating the logic of comprehensive health care and health promotion is the Family Health Strategy (FHS), which presents principles and guidelines to ensure the people’s access to health and reconfigure the health care model[2]. The FHS is recognized as an alternative to bring about changes in the assistive model and redirect the hegemonic health care practices, through interprofessional actions envisaging health promotion, preventing aggravations, aiming at diagnoses, treatment and rehabilitation[2,3,4,5,6]

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