Challenges in Diagnosing and Managing Pulmonary Conditions: A Case Series Highlighting Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Lung Cancer

Abstract

This study delves into the intricate challenges encountered in diagnosing and managing pulmonary conditions, focusing on tuberculosis (TB) and lung cancer, especially in individuals with a history of cancer treatment and tobacco use. Through a detailed analysis of clinical cases, we explore the complexities associated with TB reactivation post-cancer therapy and the hurdles in timely diagnosing lung cancer in tobacco users. Three cases are presented: A 60-year-old male with a history of pulmonary TB, bidi smoking, and a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma after presenting with persistent cough and imaging findings suggestive of lung cancer. A 57-year-old male, post-cancer treatment, presenting with cough, diagnosed with TB after immunosuppression, highlighting diagnostic challenges in this population. A 63-year-old female with a prolonged cough and blood streaks in sputum, not responding to anti-TB treatment, ultimately diagnosed with lung cancer due to tobacco use. These cases underscore the need for vigilant monitoring and early intervention in post-cancer individuals vulnerable to latent TB reactivation, comprehensive diagnostic approaches for immunocompromised patients, and heightened awareness of the association between tobacco use and lung cancer. The study emphasizes the importance of thorough assessments, timely interventions, and collaborative efforts among healthcare providers to optimize outcomes in patients with overlapping health concerns. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the complexities of managing patients with a history of cancer, TB, and tobacco use, advocating for a holistic approach in diagnosis and management to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Further research and clinical guidelines are warranted to refine treatment strategies and enhance the care of individuals facing these dual health challenges. Keywords: Lung Cancer, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Lung Cancer and Pulmonary.