Challenges Hindering Electric Vehicle Adoption in India and Proposed Solutions

Abstract

The inductive approach aims to investigate the factors influencing EV adoption in India, while the deductive approach concentrates on understanding how these factors unfold in developed nations and can be applied in developing countries. The iterative application of the inductive-deductive approach results in the creation of a taxonomy that classifies the factors as micro-, macro-, and meso-level antecedents. This taxonomy can serve as a framework for organizing systematic and cohesive initiatives to encourage EV adoption in developing countries. The article also underscores the importance of tailoring these factors to the distinctive infrastructural, economic, and market requirements of developing nations. A hurdle in embracing electric vehicles (EVs) lies in concerns about their restricted driving range. Recent suggestions consider the implementation of dynamic wireless charging, allowing power exchange between the vehicle and the grid while in motion. This paper emphasizes optimizing the routes of EVs requiring charging to maximize the use of mobile energy disseminators (MEDs), serving as mobile charging stations. The surge in electric vehicle (EV) popularity has led to a corresponding rise in associated challenges. Extended waiting periods at charging stations pose a significant obstacle to widespread EV adoption. Consequently, battery swapping stations (BSSs) present an efficient solution, addressing short waiting times and promoting healthy recharging cycles for battery systems. Furthermore, these swapping stations offer opportunities not only for EVs but also for power systems, providing regulation services to the grid, particularly for smaller networks like microgrid (MG) systems. This study explores the optimal location and size to maximize the revenue of a swap station within an MG system.