Abstract
Comprehensive analysis of water use and pollution management plays an important role in regional water security and sustainable socio-economic development. This study applies the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), Gini index and elasticity coefficient methods to conduct an investigation of industrial and domestic water use and pollution management in Shandong. The results show that industrial water pollution generally displayed a coordinated relationship with socio-economic development, while an uncoordinated relationship occurred between domestic water pollution and socio-economic development. Meanwhile, the Gini index between domestic water use and population in 2017 (0.101) was superior to that of 2003 (0.165), and the Gini index of industrial water use and second industry output in 2017 (0.273) was better than that of 2003 (0.292), indicating that the allocation and equity of domestic and industrial water use in Shandong kept to a good development trend. Additionally, the industrial effect is better than the domestic effect in terms of the control of wastewater emissions and the governance of typical pollutants in wastewater. Accordingly, domestic water pollution has gradually become one of the major sources of water pollution, and the allocation of industrial and domestic water use has room to improve further in Shandong. Conjunctive use of the aforementioned three methods provides an approach to investigate the integrated management of water use and water pollution control from multiple angles.
Highlights
The safety of water resources and the ecological environment in the Asian region is facing severe challenges with the rapid socio-economic development [1,2]
The other point is that regional water use had increased with economic development and population growth, which results in water resources waste and huge water supply pressure [5,6]
Relationship of Water Pollution and Socio-Economic Development Based on the Optimal environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) Model
Summary
The safety of water resources and the ecological environment in the Asian region is facing severe challenges with the rapid socio-economic development [1,2]. The first is that a large amount of pollutants has been discharged into rivers and lakes, causing the deterioration of regional water quality [3,4]. The other point is that regional water use had increased with economic development and population growth, which results in water resources waste and huge water supply pressure [5,6]. The domestic and industrial water use in Shandong has increased rapidly in recent years, but the efficiency of water resources utilization is not high. The eutrophication of rivers and lakes, which is mainly caused by the discharge of industrial and domestic wastewater, is more prominent. The discharge of industrial wastewater in Shandong is ranked third, and the discharge of domestic wastewater is ranked third in China
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