Challenges for Multilingual Writers in Pakistan: Issues and Implications of Linguistic Diversity and Complex Language Landscape

Abstract

Pakistan’s multilingual linguistic diversity is shaped by its colonial past and post-independence history. After gaining independence, Pakistan's major languages were Urdu, English, Punjabi, and Saraiki. However, multiple languages have posed challenges for multilingual writers. One of them is the lack of a standardized orthography for regional languages, making it difficult for writers to produce texts in their native languages. The prevalence of Urdu and English has resulted in a language hierarchy where these languages are seen as superior to regional languages. In the face of these challenges, the establishment of language authorities, such as the National Language Authority and the Punjab Institute of Language, Art and Culture, aim to promote and standardize regional languages. Efforts are being made towards the betterment of these writers. Promoting and standardizing regional languages and recognizing multilingualism as an asset can contribute to a more inclusive and representative society in Pakistan.