Challenges faced by nursing in the emergency room for the care of trauma victims: an integrative literature review

Abstract

Trauma is one of the main causes of death and disability in Brazil, requiring immediate and adequate care to minimize damage and sequelae. The effective performance of the nursing professional in the emergency room is essential for the recovery of the traumatized patient. The research proposes to analyze the challenges faced by nursing and the role of nurses in the emergency room, based on the scientific literature of the last five years. The qualitative and descriptive approach uses the integrative literature review modality. The nurse's work in the emergency room involves care and management, including team organization, quick decision-making, and a holistic approach to the trauma patient. The Fugulin Scale is an assistance instrument used to measure personnel, but it can be difficult to apply due to demand variability. It is critical to secure additional staff to ensure proper patient care. The emergency room has peculiarities that require technical and managerial skills from professionals, as well as sensitivity and empathy to offer humanized and individualized care, without judgments. Adequate preparation of professionals, a safe work environment and a complete team are essential for quality care. It is crucial to invest in continuing education, better equipped units and integrated teams to optimize care for trauma patients.