Challenges Encountered by Artificial Intelligence Applications in Today’s Interconnected World

Abstract

In recent years, technological and scientific advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), along with one of its key subcategories, i.e., machine learning (ML) are growing exponentially. For example, the remarkable achievements in artificial intelligence occurred in 2021 included an AI model that can meritoriously integrate natural language processing with computer vision to create images from textual captions, and an AI framework that can diagnose dementia in short time, besides other captivating inventions. This research work, AI and ML are investigated, and some key features are presented, including their relevant subfields, methods, industries, main stages, and most importantly the technical challenges that encounter the importantly the technical challenges that encounter the mainly on the current challenges encountered by artificial intelligence and machine learning applications, where the pair of intelligence and machine learning applications, where the pair of ethics and transparency in AI are highlighted in terms of their meanings, and their importance to AI/ML. Subsequently, a framework for AI design and implementation is introduced entitled “PESTEL” which stands for Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, and Legal. It is predicted that the outcome of this research work will facilitate the incessant espousal of AI/ML in today’s interconnected world.