Challenges and possibilities in full-time education: An integrative review

Abstract

The objective of this research was to analyze the challenges and opportunities that permeate integral education. To carry out this research, the integrative review methodology was adopted, combining data from different studies on integral education. A survey was carried out through systematic searches on Google Scholar and Scielo, with inclusion criteria restricted to scientific articles published between 2019 and 2023, in Portuguese. Other types of studies, such as theses and reports, were excluded, keeping the focus on the analysis of original articles. The reviewed research reveals a complex panorama of the challenges and perspectives related to the implementation of comprehensive education in public schools, highlighting the insufficiency of simply extending the time students stay in school to ensure quality education. In this sense, the need for a more comprehensive and holistic approach is emphasized, which considers not only structural and pedagogical aspects, but also the integrality of human development, including the importance of adequate school infrastructure, committed management and active involvement of the school community. The urgency of a reinvention of the socio-educational context, less focused on economic interests and more committed to human rights, is emphasized, promoting a pedagogical approach sensitive to individual differences and affections. In addition, the relevance of the participation of the school community in the construction of an integrated pedagogical proposal, which values school and popular knowledge, and the expansion of educational territories, through the involvement of the community, as essential elements for the integral formation of the individual, is recognized. In view of these challenges and perspectives, we emphasize the need for continuous studies and reflections that support the formulation and implementation of more effective and inclusive educational policies, requiring a joint effort of educational institutions, managers, teachers, students and the community to advance towards a truly integral education, capable of promoting the full development of each individual and contributing to the construction of a more just society. democratic and supportive.