Challenges and opportunities for the global cultivation and adaption of legumes

Abstract

There are many challenges facing the cultivation of legumes that lead to lowering productivity, making it unattractive for cultivation in different areas worldwide. Which include genetic, socio-economic restrictions, in addition to institutional constraints, environmental conditions, besides the technological restrictions. Genetic constraints, affect the production and breeding of leguminous crops due to difficulties of crossbreeding cultivated and wild species. Climate change conditions represent another factor pressure legumes production that requires the urgent achievement of agronomic and genetic practice. Legumes need more attention in the near future to improving productivity and provide the required food needs for the population around the world. There are various ways include policy initiatives to promote food security. Produce legume varieties adapted to changing climatic conditions of heat and drought considered essential factors to legume production worldwide. Furthermore, developing the production and availability of legumes through using proper agricultural strategies to increase annual cultivation whether by horizontal expansion through increasing cultivated area and reclamation of desert lands or by Vertical expansion and intensifying cultivation as well as intercropping legumes with other crops and introducing legumes into the agricultural rotation, reducing postharvest losses, in addition to using technology. On another side, including pulses into the agricultural system as part of the crop system, provide many direct and indirect benefits in agriculture, health, feed, also, contributes to reducing the negative impacts of climate change, protecting the environment, and sustain legumes productivity