Challenges and Opportunities for Integrating Augmented Reality and Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling under the Framework of Industry 4.0

Abstract

The industrial requirements change rapidly due to the technological advancements, and the need to immediately investigate prospective system alternatives to develop a more efficient production system design is more intense than ever. Manufacturing systems simulation as a key technology of Industry 4.0 is a powerful tool towards optimizing manufacturing processes. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation can help smart factories gain a competitive advantage due to low cost, low risk and the provided meaningful insights. However, while CFD tools can provide users with precise simulations, there is strong need for interactive design and analysis tools. Additionally, fluid flow behavior is a challenging problem for cognitive interpretation and visualization. Therefore, engineers/technicians need to visualize the behavior of the desired flow field to improve their cognitive ability in problem-solving. As a result, Augmented Reality (AR) technology is proposed as the solution for an enhanced virtual learning and training environment in smart factories. To address these challenges, this research work presents an Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) framework for simulation and visualization of selected monitored values based on AR and CFD in a cloud-computing environment for the intuitive visualization of the data on smart devices. The applicability of the proposed framework has been validated in a real-life case study derived from an Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) supplier of Industrial refrigerator systems.