Challenges and opportunities for implementing transdisciplinary case study approaches in post-Soviet academic systems

Abstract

In this chapter, we shed light on the potentials of transdisciplinary research and teaching integration in post-Soviet countries as a way of contributing to the discussion of complex societal problem-solving processes in these countries. The chapter explores future potentials and advantages of inter- or transdisciplinary research and teaching present in Armenia and Georgia, including contributions to solving complex societal problems in the Caucasus region. We draw lessons from specific challenges and opportunities for integrating and applying transdisciplinary approaches within academic institutions in Armenia and Georgia. To meet this goal, we conducted a qualitative research strategy using mixed methods, including analysis of scientific and legal documents, semi-structured expert interviews, and focus groups with students, teachers, and local stakeholders. We then analyzed findings from this investigation according to four interrelated dimensions for implementing transdisciplinarity in an academic system: (1) the societal role of universities; (2) the internal structure of the academic system; (3) practical organization of transdisciplinarity; and (4) societal conditions of governance. Within each dimension, we identified obstacles for transdisciplinary implementation and provide recommendations for overcoming them. Despite many challenges, our results show that transdisciplinarity facilitates a new culture of collaboration between academia and society for the South Caucasus countries, affirmed by case-based research on integrating transdisciplinary approaches into Armenian and Georgian universities. Based on our analysis and the lessons learned, we give general recommendations for successful transdisciplinary case study research design and implementation in the Caucasus region.