Challenges and Opportunities for Implementing Diabetes Self-Management Guidelines

Abstract

The purpose of this article was to examine primary care providers' perceived challenges when implementing evidence-based diabetes self-management guidelines and opportunities for promoting the use of such guidelines in practice. We engaged 3 group discussions with 43 key stakeholders representing family physicians, medical directors, and quality assurance leaders in a large, university-affiliated, integrated health care organization in Central Texas. Transcripts from group discussions were summarized using thematic content analysis. Key themes that emerged as challenges of implementing evidence-based diabetes self-management guidelines included lack of easily retrievable electronic patient health information, inadequate coordination with other health care providers when implementing guidelines, conflict between information in the guidelines and physicians' knowledge, and physician compensation by patient load rather than by quality of care. Two main opportunities identified were the use of health coaches or nurses trained in diabetes self-management and active collaboration between practicing providers and key stakeholders in the development and dissemination of guidelines. Our study shows a need for involving front-line family physicians and other primary care providers as well as patients in the design and development of best practice guidelines to enhance implementation of diabetes self-management guidelines in primary care settings.