Abstract
EnglishModern models of sustainable economic growth are metal-intensive and will not be successful in the future unless a continuous supply of mineral-derived products is ensured. Despite this being logical, there is still a significant reluctance regarding mineral exploration and mining activities, often reflected in: (i) unfavourable public opinions; and (ii) absence of political measures or continuity of agendas that actually appreciate the way minerals are produced and the players directly or indirectly involved in this production. To succeed, the mining industry will have to (re)define its strategy and find innovative approaches to old problems and clearly demonstrate that mineral products can be efficiently delivered to support global development and assist suitable paths to welfare and quality of life, thus also providing real value to all concerned. In this study we give a concise review of the main challenges posed to the mining industry, and also indicate the most relevant opportunities and advance some proposals to constructively face the identified weaknesses and threats. The fundamental outcome is that the long-term balance between supply and demand of mineral products requires concerted actions on different fronts aiming: (i) the safeguarding of known resources; (ii) high-quality (scientifically and technologically driven) exploration surveys; (iii) improvements in mining and mineral transformation/ beneficiation; (iv) advances in consistent combinations of primary and secondary sources of raw materials, along with higher concerns on their judicious use; (v) effective and stable mining policies; and (vi) new insights on the role played by the mining industry through fruitful dialogues with society in general. EnglishLos modelos actuales de crecimiento economico sostenible resultan intensivos en el uso de metales, y no tendran exito en el futuro si no se asegura un suministro continuado de los productos derivados de los minerales. Aparte de esta evidencia, existe todavia un significativo rechazo relacionado con la exploracion mineral y las actividades mineras, a menudo reflejado en: (i) una opinion publica desfavorable; y (ii) la ausencia de medidas politicas o una continuidad en las agendas que valoren la manera en que se producen los minerales y a los actores directa o indirectamente envueltos en esta produccion. Para tener exito, la industria minera debera (re)definir su estrategia y encontrar acercamientos innovadores a los antiguos problemas, demostrando claramente que los productos minerales pueden ser suministrados eficientemente para mantener del desarrollo global y proporcionar rutas adecuadas al bienestar y la calidad de vida, proporcionando a su vez un valor real a todos los interesados. En este trabajo se realizara una revision concisa de los principales desafios que se encuentra la industria minera, senalando tambien las oportunidades mas relevantes y avanzando algunas propuestas para afrontar de manera constructiva las debilidades y amenazas identificadas. El resultado principal es que el equilibrio en el largo plazo, entre suministro y demanda de productos minerales, requiere acciones concertadas en diferentes frentes apuntando a: (i) la salvaguarda de los recursos conocidos; (ii) estudios geologicos de alta calidad (dirigidos cientifica y tecnologicamente); (iii) mejoras en mineria y transformacion/beneficio; (iv) avances en la combinacion de materias primas de origen primario y secundario, asi como una mayor preocupacion en su empleo; (v) una politica minera efectiva y estable; y (vi) una nueva percepcion del papel jugado por la industria minera mediante un dialogo fructifero con la sociedad en general.
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