Abstract
A chabazite-type zeolite was prepared by the hydrothermal method. Before ion exchange, the chabazite was activated with ammonium chloride (NH4Cl). The ion exchange process was carried out at a controlled temperature and constant stirring to obtain ion-exchanged chabazites of Ti4+ chabazite (TiCHA), Zn2+ chabazite (ZnCHA), Cu2+ chabazite (CuCHA), Ag+ chabazite (AgCHA) and Au3+ chabazite (AuCHA). Modified chabazite samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope equipped with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), N2 adsorption methods and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). XRD results revealed that the chabazite structure did not undergo any modification during the exchange treatments. The photocatalytic activity of chabazite samples was evaluated by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) in the presence of H2O2 under ultraviolet (UV) light illumination. The photodegradation results showed a higher degradation efficiency of modified chabazites, compared to the synthesized chabazite. CuCHA showed an efficiency of 98.92% in MB degradation, with a constant of k = 0.0266 min−1 following a first-order kinetic mechanism. Then, it was demonstrated that the modified chabazites could be used for the photodegradation of dyes.
Highlights
Water scarcity in different areas of the world will be aggravated by 2050, due to the lack of rain, the lack of clean drinking water and the growing demand due to the increase in the world’s population [1,2]
According to the X-ray diffraction results shown in Figure 2, the predominant crystalline phase found in the samples was a zeolite of the chabazite type
In this work, undoped and modified chabazites were synthesized by the hydrothermal method
Summary
Water scarcity in different areas of the world will be aggravated by 2050, due to the lack of rain, the lack of clean drinking water and the growing demand due to the increase in the world’s population [1,2]. Water is essential for a sustainable, social and economic development and for the environment and human beings’ survival. The scarcity of water is a growing threat for those topics and is worsened by the current pandemic situation of COVID-19 because water and sanitation are a main defense against the disease [3]. Water contamination is a global problem that results from pollutants such as oils, heavy metals, colorants (dyes and pigments), among others [4].
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