CFD-DEM analysis of oblique water entry under a polar environment

Abstract

Research on the water entry behavior of detectors passing through crushed ice zones in polar environments is essential for the exploration of polar oil resources. This study integrates computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and the discrete element method (DEM) with laboratory experiments to analyze projectiles' oblique water entry behavior through crushed ice zones. The investigation reveals that the unique polar environment, characterized by crushed ice accumulation, significantly influences the projectile's water entry behavior. Key parameters, such as water entry angle and the height of ice accumulation, are examined for their impact on the water entry process, flow field evolution, and projectile dynamics. The study identifies a complex multi-body coupling mechanism among the projectile, crushed ice particles, and fluid during oblique water entry. Crushed ice alters the cavity evolution and deflection patterns of projectiles, affecting the flow field dynamics. Variations in water entry angles modify the interaction patterns among the projectile, liquid level, and crushed ice, influencing cavity formation and fluid-ice coupling. Increasing crushed ice height enhances the coupling effects, leading to a greater degree of projectile deflection. These findings provide insights into optimizing detector design and launch strategies, contributing to more efficient oil exploration in polar environments.