CFD-Based Approach to Propose a Zigzag-Shaped Tube Heat Exchanger without Fins

Abstract

This study explores the application of zigzag-shaped, finless tubes in enhancing heat transfer performance within heat exchangers. Using three-dimensional numerical simulations, we examined the heat transfer per unit area and the volume of the pressure drop, comparing these findings with a traditional parallel tube heat exchanger. This innovative design strategy involved arranging zigzag-shaped tubes at varying distances, and the thermal transfer and frictional characteristics were tested at different air speeds. This research suggests that the introduction of zigzag heat exchangers, as opposed to traditional fin-and-tube designs, led to a significant improvement in heat transfer. This enhancement is attributed to the swirling flow created around the zigzag tubes, which increased the total heat transfer area. Furthermore, we found that the heat transfer area increased by 14.2%, 32.1%, and 63.9% for tube zigzag angles of 30°, 45°, and 60°, respectively, when compared to a parallel tube heat exchanger. Consequently, the zigzag-shaped tube heat exchanger demonstrated not only superior heat transfer, but also a reduction in frictional pressure loss.