Abstract
Environmental Protection Agency officials were surprised last month as the deadline passed for chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) users to ask for exemptions from the production ban that goes into effect in less than 29 months. Only a handful of CFC users petitioned EPA to put their case before the countries that are party to the Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer. Three major groups--as well as a few other minor users--say they must have CFCs available after the Jan. 1, 1996, phaseout deadline. The automobile industry and commercial building owners cite the turmoil and expense of switching to substitutes for existing air-conditioning and commercial building owners cite the turmoil and expense of switching to substitutes for existing air-conditioning equipment. And the pharmaceutical industry has not yet developed approved alternatives for certain medical devices. But only metered-dose inhalers, which use CFCs to propel medication directly into the lungs of patients suffering from asthma and other respiratory diseases, are likely to be deemed an exempt essential use.
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