Abstract
Hollow ZSM-5 was successfully fabricated using a tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) hydrothermal treatment with an “dissolution-recrystallization” process. The side-chain alkylation of 2-picoline with formaldehyde was studied on a series of cesium modified ZSM-5 catalysts. Among these catalysts, Cs2O/Cs-hollow ZSM-5 (Cs2O/Cs-hZSM-5) was found to be the most effective catalyst, which exhibited not only the highest 2-picoline conversion (50.1 %), but also the highest TOF value (2.557 h−1) and the lowest Ea (39.7 kJ mol−1). Meanwhile, the Cs2O/Cs-hZSM-5 catalyst exhibited excellent reaction durability, which was related to the hollow structure of ZSM-5. In addition, the possible 2-picoline side-chain alkylation reaction pathways over cesium modified hollow ZSM-5 catalysts were proposed. The results of this study suggested that cesium modified hollow ZSM-5 is a promising candidate as a catalyst for the reaction of 2-picoline side-chain alkylation with formaldehyde in industrial applications.
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