Cervical cancer in the Bamenda Regional Hospital, North West Region of Cameroon: a retrospective study.

Ngwayu Claude Nkfusai,Joyce Mahlako Tsoka-Gwegweni,Damian Nota Anong,Judith K Anchang-Kimbi,Brenda Mbouamba Yankam,Cho Sabastine Anye,Samuel Nambile Cumber,Takang Williams,Enow-Orock George Enow

doi:10.11604/pamj.2019.32.90.18217

Abstract

IntroductionCervical cancer is ranked the 7th most common cancer in the world. Cancer of the cervix is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer after breast cancer and the third leading cause of cancer deaths among females in less developed countries. Incidence rates are highest in countries with low income. Nearly 90% of cervical cancer deaths occur in developing parts of the world. The study researchers therefore, carried out a retrospective study to determine the proportion of cervical cancer among other types of cancer in the cancer registry of the Bamenda Regional Hospital.MethodsThe objective of this study was to determine the proportion of cervical cancer among other types of cancers in the cancer registry of the Bamenda Regional Hospital, North West Region of Cameroon from past records. We reviewed all records from the registry of patients who attended the Bamenda Regional Hospital to screen and/or be operated upon for cervical cancer and other types of cancer. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of cases were captured using a data collection sheet: age, type of cancer, stage of cancer, type of surgery carried out and date of surgery. Data were entered and analysed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 software.Results59 cancer cases were received in the center between 2012 and 2017. Of these, 31 (52%) had cervical cancer. Most patients who screened positive for cancer of the cervix were of the 50-54 age groups. Most of these patients (47.5%), were received at late stages (stages 3 and 4).ConclusionOver half (52%) of the patients receiving cancer care in this center have cervical cancer and generally turn up late for management.

Highlights

IntroductionCancer of the cervix is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer after breast cancer and the third leading cause of cancer deaths among females in less developed countries
Cervical cancer is ranked the 7th most common cancer in the world
Cervical cancer types and stages: Cancer of cervix, cervical lesion, precancerous cervix, squamous cell carcinoma and cervical dysplasia were the types of cervical cancer, we found cancer of the cervix occuring the highest with 16 out of the 31 cases

Summary

Introduction

Cancer of the cervix is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer after breast cancer and the third leading cause of cancer deaths among females in less developed countries. We reviewed all records from the registry of patients who attended the Bamenda Regional Hospital to screen and/or be operated upon for cervical cancer and other types of cancer. Cervical cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer after breast cancer and the third leading cause of cancer deaths among females in less developed countries. There are over 150 different types of HPV; more than 40 can infect the cervix and are sexually transmitted, causing 99.4% of cervical cancer cases and 100% of genital warts cases. One of the most important reasons for the incidence of cervical cancer in developing countries is the lack of early detection of pre-cancerous lesions and treatment of the lesions before they progress [7]

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