Cerrahi Alan İnfeksiyonlarının Değerlendirilmesi ve Risk Faktörlerinin Analizi

Abstract

Surgical site infections (SSI) extend the patient’s length of stay, causing unnecessary complications and increase mortality, morbidity and cost. In each hospital, these infections take place in hospital infection surveillance and show changes specific to hospitals. In this study, the files of 402 patients; hospitalized between 2016 and 2018 in the surgical clinics of the Health Sciences University Bursa High Specialization Training and Research Hospital were analyzed retrospectively in terms of SSI, patient profile, length of stay, underlying diseases, risk factors and causative microorganisms. In the study, patients in gynecology and obstetrics, pediatric surgery, cardiovascular surgery, orthopedics, general surgery, urology, and neurosurgery services were included in the surgeries that were followed up on the basis of the procedures in accordance with the decisions of the infection control committee. The most frequently isolated microorganisms in SSI were coagulase negative staphylococci (14.7 %) Escherichia coli (11.7 %), Staphylococcus aureus (6 %) Klebsiella spp. (7 %) and Pseudomonas spp. (3.5 %), while the rate of culture negative SSI cases was determined as (41.5 %). In statistical analysis; presence of a foreign body prosthesis, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hemodialysis, H2 receptor antagonist use, chest tube, peripheral artery catheter, central venous catheter, nasogastric catheter, surgical drain, transfusion, urinary catheter, peripheral venous catheter, mechanical ventilation and endotracheal intubation were statistically significant in the development of SSI. In the analyzes on length of stay, it was found that the length of stay significantly increased as the depth increased in the SSI classification. Identifying risk factors for SSI is critical to reduce the incidence of SSI and identify high-risk patient populations that may require more surveillance for postoperative infection and to develop quality improvement strategies and infection control interventions.