Abstract
The impact of cerium oxide nanoparticles, bulk cerium oxide and ionic cerium nitrate on the plant development as well as the uptake and further translocation of Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe by sugar pea (Pisum sativum L.) was investigated. Plants were cultivated in the laboratory pot experiments using the modified Hoagland solutions supplemented with cerium compounds at the 200 mg L−1 Ce level. Analysis of variance proved that cerium oxide nanoparticles significantly decreased Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe concentrations in roots and above ground parts of the pea plants. The latter ions are presumably transported via symplastic pathways and may compete with nanoparticles for similar carriers. The lowest impact on the plant growth and the metal uptake was observed under the bulk CeO2 treatment. On the contrary, strongest interactions were observed for supplementation with ionic cerium nitrate. The highly beneficial effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles on the plant growth was not supported by this study. The latter conclusion is of particular relevance when environmental impact of cerium compounds on the waste management, municipal urban low emissions and food production is to be concerned.
Highlights
Rapid development of nanoscience and nanotechnology prompted wide application of nanoparticles (NPs) in technology, medicine and agriculture
They exist as a hydrated micellar structure which may be prone to ionic zinc adsorption
Our results unequivocally show that cerium compounds at any molecular, ionic or nanosize levels alter Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe uptake and their further migration in Pisum sativum L
Summary
Rapid development of nanoscience and nanotechnology prompted wide application of nanoparticles (NPs) in technology, medicine and agriculture They are employed in a number of products including electronic devices, advanced fuels, textiles, paintings and coatings, personal care products, pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals (Tsazuki 2009; Hua et al 2012; De Almeida et al 2014; Dasgupta et al 2015; Vance et al 2015; Rai et al 2018; Rajeshkumar and Naik 2018; Consumer Product Inventory 2018). These widespread applications make nanoparticles increasingly abundant in the environment. Nanomaterials are released to environment as objects of diverse structure and toxicity, starting from the rather isolated particles and ending up at complex entities with nanoparticles embedded into matrix elements
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