Abstract
Cerebral vessels are innervated by sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, as well as the trigeminal nerve. Under physiological conditions, neural regulation contributes to coupling of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and metabolism and autoregulation of CBF against systemic blood pressure. It also plays a key role in vasodilatation distal to narrowed vascular lesions associated with atherosclerosis, hyperperfusion syndrome that occurs after vascular reconstruction in patients with chronic ischemic diseases, reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome, and migraine. Moreover, cerebrovascular disease can cause autonomic dysfunction; frontal lobe and brain stem lesions are known to result in urinary incontinence, mydriasis, and Horner's syndrome.
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