Abstract
BackgroundThe aim of the study was the evaluation of serum and CSF concentrations of CCL2, IL-8, and sICAM-1 in patients with astrocytic tumors as compared to a group of non-tumoral patients.MethodsChemokine concentrations were measured using the ELISA method.ResultsRegardless of the parameter tested and the patient group (brain tumor or non-tumoral patients), statistical differences (P < 0.05) were found between concentrations obtained in CSF compared to values obtained in serum for all proteins tested. CSF IL-8 concentrations were significantly elevated in CNS tumor patients as compared to non-tumoral individuals (P = 0.000); serum CCL2 and sICAM-1 concentrations were significantly decreased in CNS tumors in comparison with the comparative group (P = 0.002 and P = 0.026, respectively). Among proteins tested in the serum, a higher area under the ROC curve (AUC) revealed CCL2 compared to sICAM-1 in differentiating subjects with CNS brain tumors from non-tumoral subjects. AUC for CSF IL-8 was higher than for its index (CSF IL-8/serum IL-8).ConclusionsFor individual biomarkers (IL-8 and CCL2, sICAM-1), measured in CNS brain tumor patients, the appropriate material, respectively CSF or serum, should be chosen and quantitatively tested. Increased cerebrospinal fluid IL-8 with decreased serum CCL2 create a pattern of biomarkers, which may be helpful in the management of CNS astrocytic brain tumors.
Highlights
IntroductionSimultaneous evaluation of multiple proteins in serum and cerebrospinal fluid allows for the identification of novel circulating biomarker panels helpful in disease diagnosis and treatment [4]
Gliomas are ranked as the most aggressive brain tumors; they show a high frequency of invasion mediators such as angiogenic factors and chemokines [1,2,3].Simultaneous evaluation of multiple proteins in serum and cerebrospinal fluid allows for the identification of novel circulating biomarker panels helpful in disease diagnosis and treatment [4]
Significant differences were found between the study groups in CSF for IL-8, while in serum, differences were obtained for CCL2 and Soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) (Table 2)
Summary
Simultaneous evaluation of multiple proteins in serum and cerebrospinal fluid allows for the identification of novel circulating biomarker panels helpful in disease diagnosis and treatment [4]. In the last few years, proteomic approaches have been used to indicate potential cytokines, chemokines, and angiogenic factors for diagnosis and/or progression of primary brain tumors [1, 5, 6]. Using throughput xMAP technology, Albulescu et al identified serum profiles of cytokines and angiogenic factors (IL-6, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-10, TNF-α, VEGF, FGF-2, and GM-CSF) altered in glioblastoma patients [1]. Studies by Popescu et al indicated the role of simultaneous identification of proteomic signature in the diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors, as they, by means of SELDI-ToF MS technology, indicated serum S100A8, S100A9, and CXCL4 proteins as a potential candidate for glioblastoma biomarkers [5]. The aim of the study was the evaluation of serum and CSF concentrations of CCL2, IL-8, and sICAM-1 in patients with astrocytic tumors as compared to a group of non-tumoral patients
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