Abstract

BackgroundThe aim of the study was the evaluation of serum and CSF concentrations of CCL2, IL-8, and sICAM-1 in patients with astrocytic tumors as compared to a group of non-tumoral patients.MethodsChemokine concentrations were measured using the ELISA method.ResultsRegardless of the parameter tested and the patient group (brain tumor or non-tumoral patients), statistical differences (P < 0.05) were found between concentrations obtained in CSF compared to values obtained in serum for all proteins tested. CSF IL-8 concentrations were significantly elevated in CNS tumor patients as compared to non-tumoral individuals (P = 0.000); serum CCL2 and sICAM-1 concentrations were significantly decreased in CNS tumors in comparison with the comparative group (P = 0.002 and P = 0.026, respectively). Among proteins tested in the serum, a higher area under the ROC curve (AUC) revealed CCL2 compared to sICAM-1 in differentiating subjects with CNS brain tumors from non-tumoral subjects. AUC for CSF IL-8 was higher than for its index (CSF IL-8/serum IL-8).ConclusionsFor individual biomarkers (IL-8 and CCL2, sICAM-1), measured in CNS brain tumor patients, the appropriate material, respectively CSF or serum, should be chosen and quantitatively tested. Increased cerebrospinal fluid IL-8 with decreased serum CCL2 create a pattern of biomarkers, which may be helpful in the management of CNS astrocytic brain tumors.

Highlights

  • IntroductionSimultaneous evaluation of multiple proteins in serum and cerebrospinal fluid allows for the identification of novel circulating biomarker panels helpful in disease diagnosis and treatment [4]

  • Gliomas are ranked as the most aggressive brain tumors; they show a high frequency of invasion mediators such as angiogenic factors and chemokines [1,2,3].Simultaneous evaluation of multiple proteins in serum and cerebrospinal fluid allows for the identification of novel circulating biomarker panels helpful in disease diagnosis and treatment [4]

  • Significant differences were found between the study groups in CSF for IL-8, while in serum, differences were obtained for CCL2 and Soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) (Table 2)

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Summary

Introduction

Simultaneous evaluation of multiple proteins in serum and cerebrospinal fluid allows for the identification of novel circulating biomarker panels helpful in disease diagnosis and treatment [4]. In the last few years, proteomic approaches have been used to indicate potential cytokines, chemokines, and angiogenic factors for diagnosis and/or progression of primary brain tumors [1, 5, 6]. Using throughput xMAP technology, Albulescu et al identified serum profiles of cytokines and angiogenic factors (IL-6, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-10, TNF-α, VEGF, FGF-2, and GM-CSF) altered in glioblastoma patients [1]. Studies by Popescu et al indicated the role of simultaneous identification of proteomic signature in the diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors, as they, by means of SELDI-ToF MS technology, indicated serum S100A8, S100A9, and CXCL4 proteins as a potential candidate for glioblastoma biomarkers [5]. The aim of the study was the evaluation of serum and CSF concentrations of CCL2, IL-8, and sICAM-1 in patients with astrocytic tumors as compared to a group of non-tumoral patients

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