Cerebroprotective role of Tetrahydro Curcumin in hyperhomocysteinemic ischemic mice by regulating NF‐kappa B

Abstract

Vasospasm is a major cause of cerebrovascular diseases. Hyperhomocysteinemia exacerbates stroke in part by increasing oxidative stress and vascular remodeling. Cystathionine βsynthase heterozygous (CBS ‐/+) mice develop high level of Hcy. Tetra hydro curcumin (THC) polyphenolic compound from plant Curcuma longa, is a commonly used remedies. Present study determines the effect of THC in hyperhomocysteinemic mice after an ischemia episode. There were six groups of mice: WT, WT/Ischemia, WT/Ischemia treated THC, CBS (‐/+), CBS (‐/+)/Ischemic and CBS (‐/+)/Ischemic treated THC. Middle cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) was performed for 1 hour. After 24 hours, mice were injected with THC (300mg/kg) I.P. The Infarct area (IA) was assessed using TTC stain. Real Time PCR, Immunohistchemistry and Western blot were used to determine the expression of SOD‐I, SOD‐II, Phospho 22, Phospho 47. Neurological assessments were done in above group. The Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA) was performed using NF‐kappa B probe. The result suggested THC significantly decreases IA and oxidative damage in Ischemic mice. The EMSA result suggest that there was significant decrease in the NF‐kappa B binding interaction to protein. In addition, there was significant improvement in neurological behavior in THC treated ischemic mice compared to Ischemic groups.