Cerebral ischemia models in rats

Abstract

Stroke is the second cause of death worldwide. Stroke induces cerebral ischemia. The cerebral ischemia is a neurodegenerative disease that causes disability and mortality. An accumulating body of evidence indicates that abnormalities of Ca2+ homeostasis are caused by excessive levels of free oxygen radicals in rats with cerebral ischemia. Occlusion of middle cerebral artery in human induces cerebral ischemic stroke. In experimental animals, best model of induction of cerebral ischemic stroke is occlusion of middle cerebral artery for 30 min (Canazza et al. 2014). In cerebral ischemia stoke model, right or left middle cerebral artery is exposed through a ventral midline incision in the neck and it is loosely encircled with sutures for further occlusion. Following a midline incision, the skull is craniectomized to expose the right or left common carotid artery. A 3-0 suture is positioned so that it encircled the middle cerebral artery for further occlusion. Cerebral ischemic surgery is performed through occlusion of the right or left middle cerebral artery for 30 min (Akpınar et al. 2016). In addition to the best model, there are also other models of cerebral stroke in rodents such as the intra-luminal suture, thromboembolic, the coagulation or ligation, the endothelin-1, and the distal artery compression models (Canazza et al. 2014). In the presentation, a selection of the principal models is described and the model was compared with the other models.