Abstract
The diagnosis and management of cerebral gliomas are challenging. The goal of this study was to evaluate the pattern of cerebral gliomas at the General Hospital Douala, Cameroon. A retrospective study was carried out over a period of 10 years. Non-glial lesions were not included. Data were analyzed with Epi info version 7.2.2.6 (Microsoft, Seattle, USA). 220 cases of brain tumors, comprising 56 gliomas (25.46% of all brain tumors) were managed during the study period. The mean age of the patients was 42.93 ± 16.90 years. 35 cases (62.5%) were males. Patients over 15 years of age represented 91.07% (n = 51) of the cases. The most frequent presenting complaints were headache and vomiting with 52 cases (92.86%) and 47 cases (83.93%) respectively. Brain computed tomography was done for all patients. The most frequent histological type was astrocytoma with 22 cases (39.29%) followed by glioblastoma with 20 cases (35.71%). The most performed surgical technique was partial removal with 33 cases (58.93%), followed by open biopsy with 14 cases (25.00%). Radiotherapy was administered to 54 patients (96.43%). The outcome ranged from full recovery in 8 cases (14.29%), recovery with persisting symptoms, in 15 cases (26.79%) and death in 26 cases (46.43%). Seven patients (12.50%) were lost to view. In this series, cerebral gliomas affected most often adult males. Most of them presented with signs of raised intracranial pressure. The outcome was poor with 46.43% of patients dying before 2 years after diagnosis.
Highlights
A tumor is a growth or “lump” made of cells that have begun to grow in an unusual way [1]
Cerebral gliomas (CG) are brain tumors that grow from glial cells [2]
It was a cross-sectional retrospective review of cerebral gliomas cases managed at the General Hospital Douala (GHD), Cameroon, over a period of ten years from January 2008 to December 2017
Summary
A tumor is a growth or “lump” made of cells that have begun to grow in an unusual way [1]. Cerebral gliomas (CG) are brain tumors that grow from glial cells [2]. Oligodendrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells [3]. The role of Glial cells is supporting of neuronal function and metabolism, the upholding of the blood-brain barrier and immune surveillance [4]. Astrocytes are Star-shaped cells providing support functions in the central nervous system [5]. Oligodendrocytes are cells that make the myelin sheath which covers and protects axons in the central nervous system [3]. Ependymal cells are cuboidal or columnar cells which line the brain ventricles and possess microvilli and cilia [5]
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