Cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism during cardiopulmonary bypass with moderate hypothermic selective cerebral perfusion

Abstract

Cerebral blood flow was measured using transcranial doppler during cardiopulmonary bypass in nine patients with selective cerebral perfusion for surgery of arch aorta (group S). For comparison, 11 adult open heart patients (group C) were also measured. The authors' selective cerebral perfusion at 28°C resulted in moderate hypothermia and antegrade perfusion using independent pumps for three branches. Total flow in the three branches was 500 ml/min. A Labodop DP-100 doppler ultrasound velocimeter was used to measure middle cerebral arterial blood flow velocity. Hemoglobin concentration and oxygen saturation were also measured in arterial and jugular venous blood. The arteriovenous oxygen content difference (Ca-vO 2) was calculated and multiplied by the middle cerebral arterial blood flow velocity value, which resulted in the cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO 2). The cerebral perfusion pressure of group S was lower than in group C, and the arterial carbon-dioxide tension (PaCO 2) of group S was higher than in group C during cardiopulmonary bypass. Middle cerebral arterial blood flow velocity values of both groups remained constant before, during and after cardiopulmonary bypass. The CMRO 2 decreased during cardiopulmonary bypass and showed no difference between the two groups. The changes in PaCO 2 might be significant factors in the increase in cerebral blood flow during selective cerebral perfusion. This study supports the conclusion that, compared with our routine open heart surgery procedures, our selective cerebral perfusion procedures had the same cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism during cardiopulmonary bypass.