Abstract
The cerebellum is central to normal motor function and co-ordination, and can be frequently affected in a number of common disease processes. However, medical student teaching relating to cerebellar anatomy and pathology is lacking, leaving many graduates with a significant knowledge gap. Junior doctors need to be able to recognize ‘cerebellar syndromes’ on presentation to hospitals, and to identify and manage reversible causes rapidly and effectively. After review of relevant literature, a simple approach to the functional anatomy and practical classifications of common cerebellar pathology is presented here, with a focus on symptoms, signs and examination techniques essential to medical school final exams.
Highlights
The cerebellum (Latin for ‘little brain’) is located infero-posteriorly to the cerebral cortex, and is fundamental to normal neurological functioning, yet it was not until the early 20th Century that Flourens discovered its primary function to be in motor control and co-ordination.[1]
The cerebellum may be affected in common neurological disorders such as stroke, multiple sclerosis and mass lesions, often producing a ‘cerebellar syndrome’
This article aims to provide a brief overview of the etiology of cerebellar disorders and a simple approach to history, examination and investigation of patients presenting with cerebellar syndromes
Summary
The cerebellum (Latin for ‘little brain’) is located infero-posteriorly to the cerebral cortex, and is fundamental to normal neurological functioning, yet it was not until the early 20th Century that Flourens discovered its primary function to be in motor control and co-ordination.[1]. Junior doctors need to be confident in recognition and investigation of patients presenting with cerebellar symptoms and signs appropriately in order to identify treatable causes and provide accurate prognosis. Textbook coverage of this area is notoriously disjointed, often leaving medical students with a significant knowledge gap. This article aims to provide a brief overview of the etiology of cerebellar disorders and a simple approach to history, examination and investigation of patients presenting with cerebellar syndromes
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