CERCETĂRI CU PRIVIRE LA DEZVOLTAREA UNEI METODOLOGII DE STUDIERE A INTERACȚIUNII RADON X FUMAT CA FACTOR TRIGGER ÎN DECLANȘAREA CANCERULUI BRONHOPULMONAR

Abstract

Objectives. Residential exposure to radon is the second risk factor for lung cancer triggering for smokers and the first – for non-smokers. The obtaining reliable result in this area requires large-scale epidemiological scientific studies with the appropriate patient samples, but the results of some studies are controversial. The synthetic analysis of the specialized literature served as a basis for the methodology development to study the interaction of radon x smoking as a trigger factor in the occurrence of lung cancer at smokers in the Republic of Moldova. Material and methods. Global experience on the methodology for studying the interaction radon x smoking was examined about 30 publications on platforms of ResearchGate, Pubmed, BioMedCentral, RSCI, European Commission Webgate, WHO, AIEA, etc. A descriptive synthesis of current approaches to the development and implementation of research methods for studying the radon x smoking interaction on the triggering of bronchopulmonary cancer was performed. Results. A few researches have focused on the study of the effect of synergic exposure of radon/smoke on the occurrence of lung cancer. A review showed that the main methods for studying this phenomenon are and sociological. Combining the studied approaches and basing on the experience of international research, the methodology for estimating the interaction of radon x smoking on triggering the bronchopulmonary cancer was developed. Two directions are proposed in the research methods: (1) statistical with the use of smokers' data in the Republic of Moldova, radon concentration in dwellings and morbidity/mortality indices and (2) case-control with the use of the long-term study questionnaire in collaboration with the Institute of Oncology. Conclusions. The development of a methodological approach to the study of the radon x smoking interaction on the occurrence of bronchopulmonary cancer will allow the Public Health System to develop tools to control/prevent/reduce this disease.