Abstract
BackgroundPrevious studies have established specific cephalometric norms for children with different ethnic backgrounds, showing different facial features for each group. Up till now, there is a paucity of information about the cephalometric features of Saudi children living in the western region of Saudi Arabia, who have distinct social and climatic characteristics. The aim of the present study was to establish cephalometric norms for children living in the western region of Saudi Arabia.MethodsA total of 62 lateral cephalometric radiographs of Saudis (33 females and 29 males; aged 9–12 years) having good facial proportions and Class I dental occlusion, were traced and analyzed. Using the t-test, the mean value, standard deviation and the range of 20 angular and linear variables were calculated and compared to norms of adult Saudis living in the Western region of Saudi Arabia using the t-test. Male and female groups were also compared using the t- test.ResultsSaudi children tend to have a significantly shorter and lower face height, a larger angle of convexity, and more proclined and protruded incisors when compared with adult Saudis (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between male and female groups.ConclusionSaudi children have distinct cephalometric features, which should be used as a reference in the orthodontic treatment of young Saudi patients.
Highlights
Previous studies have established specific cephalometric norms for children with different ethnic backgrounds, showing different facial features for each group
All the previously mentioned studies were performed in the central region of Saudi Arabia and there was only one study conducted in the western region, in which cephalometric norms were established for Saudi adults and represented graphically on a wiggle to count for the variability of the readings among the Saudi population [9]
The objectives of the present study were to establish norms for Saudi children living in the western region of Saudi Arabia and to present them graphically in the form of a polygon to count for any possible variation due to age, gender and multiracial background of the representing sample
Summary
Previous studies have established specific cephalometric norms for children with different ethnic backgrounds, showing different facial features for each group. There is a paucity of information about the cephalometric features of Saudi children living in the western region of Saudi Arabia, who have distinct social and climatic characteristics. The aim of the present study was to establish cephalometric norms for children living in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Previous studies have established cephalometric norms for children in different countries who are descendants of special racial backgrounds [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. Results showed that Saudis, in general, have an increased ANB angle and bimaxillary protrusion when compared with European-American norms.
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