Abstract
Aims: The aims of this study were to introduce cephalometric norms for Qatari females and compare the result with previous published reports.
 Material and method: The sample consisted of 57 cephalographs with age range 18 to 25 years old. All subjects satisfied the criteria of selection. Cephalometric measurements of Qatari females were then compared with Eastman Standard norms and Arabs studies as well as reports conducted among Oriental and Black races.
 Results: The result indicates that Qatari females presented with higher mean values of sagittal and vertical relationship compared to Caucasian cephalometric norms. In terms of dental variables proclined upper and lower incisors in relation to their dental bases, and a reduction in inter-incisal angle. The soft tissue variables indicate that the lips were slightly protrusive in relation to Rickett’s esthetic line, and the nasolabial angle was less obtuse. The bimaxillary proclination and protrusion of the upper and lower incisors were existed in all Arab populations as well as in Black and Oriental races whereas the Caucasian had retrusive dentition.
 Conclusion: Due to limitation of the present study, it is difficult to draw a solid conclusion due to small sample size. Hence, large sample size is recommended for both sexes in order to establish cephalometric norms which will be of great help not only to the orthodontist but also to the oral and maxillofacial surgeon as well as the pedodontist.
Highlights
The cephalography is a two-dimensional representation of three-dimension object
The result indicates that Qatari females presented with higher mean values of sagittal and vertical relationship compared to Caucasian cephalometric norms
The soft tissue variables indicate that the lips were slightly protrusive in relation to Rickett’s esthetic line, and the nasolabial angle was less obtuse
Summary
The cephalography is a two-dimensional representation of three-dimension object. It is considered as the eye of the orthodontist. The goal of cephalometric analysis is to determine the skeletal and dental relationships that exist in an individual patient. This is provided by comparing the patients with a normal reference group, so that differences between the patient's actual dento-facial relationships and those expected for his or her racial or ethnic group are revealed. Different cephalometric analyses were introduced in the field of orthodontics. Among these are Down’s 1949, Steiner 1954, Tweed 1954, Ballard 1954, Sassouni 1955, Ricketts 1961, Jacobson 1975, McNamara 1984 [1] – [10]. Cephalometric measurements show variances in different racial and ethnic groups have been presented in several studies. Most studies indicated that, the Black and the Oriental had the most protrusive dentition and the Caucasians had the most retrusive dentition [9] –[12]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
