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Abstract
Works have been published about RNA in centrioles, basal bodies and centrosomes but the issue has never been faced and examined in depth. Indeed RNA may really represent the informational molecule that turns the sophisticated architecture of these organelles into highly directional organizing centers: RNA may be the Molecular Basis for Non-Equivalence of the centriolar circumferential polarity and the foundation of chirality of centrioles, the most probable organizers of bilateral symmetry in Metazoa.
Highlights
Centrioles are cylindrical organelles, geometrically built by 9-foldsymmetric triplets [1] each composed of three parallel-linked microtubules
Many studies on Protists have highlighted the nonequivalence of centriolar triplets: each triplet appears clearly linked to a distinct component of the cytoskeleton, suggesting an interesting informational role for centrioles and basal bodies: “Several principles of construction of a microscopically small device for locating the directions of signal sources in microscopic dimensions: it appears that the simplest and smallest device that is compatible with the scrambling influence of thermal fluctuations as are demonstrated by Brownian motion is a pair of cylinders oriented at right angles to each other” [3]
In their article of 2004 (“The ultrastructure of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii basal apparatus: identification of an early marker of radial asymmetry inherent in the basal body”) Geimer and Melkonian [5] wrote: “Basal bodies and centrioles display structural and functional polarities that play an important role in the spatial arrangement of the cytoskeleton and the polarity of the cell
Summary
Centrioles are cylindrical organelles, geometrically built by 9-foldsymmetric triplets [1] each composed of three (named A, B and C) parallel-linked microtubules. In Metazoa two orthogonal (rotationally polarized) centrioles (the centrosome) possess the structure to play the role of a spherical reference system organizer [11] based on two molecular orthogonal protractors/goniometers (one, named mother centriole, responsible for the φ coordinate or longitude, the other, named daughter centriole, responsible for the θ coordinate or latitude) capable of mapping in detail the cortex and membrane of the cell, subdividing them in compartments [12] where both adhesion/constriction factors that assure the correct formation of tissues and receptors (integrins above all) that control and organize the orientation of the fibers in the extracellular matrix (especially collagen) can be differentially positioned: in the proposed geometrical model, the centrosome transmits its spherical polarity to the radial aster of the cytoskeleton, organizing a finely tuned net of directional tracks used by motor proteins (kinesins and dyneins) to precisely deliver their cargoes to the forecast destinations. A ring of RNA is an excellent candidate to realize the non-equivalence of the triplets
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