Abstract
Abstract : Gravity plays an increasingly important role in cratering and ground motion for larger yield events. The effects of gravity may be accounted for by conducting experiments in a centrifuge. A review of previous applications of centrifuge testing to cratering and related problems is presented. The development of a high explosive charge equivalence for the JOHNIE BOY event is discussed. Sensitivity studies and areas of uncertainty in this simulation charge design are given. Experimental tests of this charge equivalence are presented. The results of centrifuge testing are analyzed within the context of other cratering data from high explosive and nuclear events. Equations for predicting crater volume in alluvium and coral sand for both high explosive and nuclear sources are given. Crater shape is found to be a function only of lithology and scaled height of burst except for the high yield Pacific Proving Ground events. Deviations of observed crater volumes and shapes from the general trend of the data show a strong positive correlation. (Author)
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