Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas comprise a diverse group of primary or secondary neoplasms of the brain and leptomeninges. Primary CNS lymphoma, most commonly a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) confined to the CNS, is treated by chemotherapy or chemoradiation strategies that are different from the approaches used for DLBCL elsewhere in the body. Secondary CNS lymphoma occurs when a systemic lymphoma disseminates to the leptomeninges or the brain. The risk of secondary CNS lymphoma is dependent on the lymphoma subtype and the anatomic location. Although radiation and intrathecal or intravenous chemotherapy are commonly utilized in the treatment of secondary CNS lymphoma, prognosis remains poor. Neurotoxicity is a significant complication of CNS-directed therapy for primary and secondary CNS lymphomas and the risk is highest in older patients treated with whole brain radiation therapy.
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