Abstract
We study the central production of QCD instantons at hadron colliders in events with two large rapidity gaps. These gaps in rapidity are formed by either Pomeron or photon exchanges or a combination of the two. The kT-factorization formalism is used to reduce the factorization scale dependence. We compute for the first time the relevant differential cross-sections for a complete set of central instanton production processes at the LHC, including gluon-induced and quark-induced amplitudes, and also show that the largest contribution comes from processes with Pomeron exchanges where a single gluon from each Pomeron couples to the instanton.
Highlights
Instantons are nonperturbative field configurations that describe semiclassical transitions between topologically inequivalent vacuum sectors in QCD
We study the central production of QCD instantons at hadron colliders in events with two large rapidity gaps
We compute for the first time the relevant differential cross sections for a complete set of central instanton production processes at the LHC, including gluon-induced and quark-induced amplitudes, and show that the largest contribution comes from processes with Pomeron exchanges where a single gluon from each Pomeron couples to the instanton
Summary
Instantons are nonperturbative field configurations that describe semiclassical transitions between topologically inequivalent vacuum sectors in QCD. Instanton processes have large production cross sections at small center-of-mass partonic energies [8], but discovering them at hadron colliders remains challenging [9] It was shown in [11] that diffractive events with larger rapidity gaps in the final state can provide better conditions for instanton searches, since in this case the soft QCD background caused by multiple parton interactions is suppressed. The main advantage of such central instanton production processes is a relatively low Pomeron-Pomeron colliding energy which does not allow for a large multiplicity of the background underlying events In this energy range, the central detector becomes almost hermetic (close to 4π) for the Pomeron-Pomeron secondaries and only a small part of the produced hadron will avoid detection..
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