Abstract
Introduction: Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is an uncommon benign bony lesion that occurs in the mandible and maxilla. Observation: A 30-year-old woman was evaluated for a radiolucent lesion of the mandible, which was discovered by chance. This image was associated with a painless swelling covered by normal mucosa. No symptoms were associated. After surgical excision, histological examination of the surgical specimen concluded a CGCG. Surgical follow-up was simple, and the first radiological test performed 3 months after confirming the onset of bone healing. Comments: The clinical behavior of CGCG ranges from a slow-growing asymptomatic swelling to an aggressive lesion with pain, local osteolysis, root resorption and tooth displacement. Therapeutic options have greatly varied in recent years. Nonsurgical treatments with alpha-interferon, calcitonin, and corticosteroids have been described and their benefits may be worthy of consideration. Conclusion: A surgical approach is considered as the traditional treatment and is still the most accepted one. However, in some publications, authors disagree on the type of surgery that should be performed.
Highlights
ObservationGiant cell central granuloma (GCCG) is an uncommon pseudotumor of the maxilla
Jaffe initially described the term “reparative GCCG” to describe lesions that he believed were a response to an intraosseous traumatic hemorrhage of the jaw [11]
GCCG occurs mainly in children or young adults, with approximately 75% cases reported before age 30 years, but may appear at any age [12]
Summary
Giant cell central granuloma (GCCG) is an uncommon pseudotumor of the maxilla It accounts for 7% benign maxillary tumors, and females are predominantly affected in 2/3 of cases before age 20 years [1]. The intraoral clinical examination showed bone deformity of the right mandibular cortex in its dentate and basilar portion at the premolar–canine area. The orthopantomogram (Fig. 1) showed a radiological lesion in the right mandibular body with a 5 cm axis, with resorption of the dental roots in relation to the lesion: 43, 44, and 45. Surgical curettage was completed by the apical resection of all the teeth included in the tumor process until gutta percha was impermeable within the periapical complex. The patient started brushing their teeth the day after the surgery using a 7/100th surgical toothbrush for 10 days. A orthopantomogram showed a heterogeneous bone structure of the mandible (Fig. 4)
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