Abstract

During the last decade various antihypertensive drugs were found to lower arterial pressure by activating central noradrenergic neurons with an inhibitory action on the sympathetic nervous system and/or by mimicking the action of norepinephrine at the central adrenoceptors. The presently available data suggest that neurons other than noradrenergic are also involved in the central control of cardiovascular functions. Neurotransmitters, other than norepinephrine, e.g. serotonin, GABA, enkephalins and dopamine may modulate the central control of arterial pressure. Some of the synthetic drugs can conceivably lower arterial pressure by modifying the synthesis, metabolism or activity of these neurotransmitters. This review deals with the central mechanisms of blood pressure control and with the centrally acting antihypertensive drugs.

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