Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that the blended elemental (BE) powder metallurgy (PM) Ti6Al4V alloy attracted unusual due to its low cost and comprehensive mechanical properties. However, the high porosity and mediocre mechanical properties of traditional vacuum sintering limited its application. To achieve better mechanical performance, the central composite designs (CCDs) method was employed to analyze the influence of sintering parameters, such as sintering temperature (St), heating rate (Hr), and holding time (Ht). The results indicated that St makes the most significant contribution to compressive strength and sintering density, accounting for 95.5% and 86.54% respectively. In addition, Ht makes the most significant contribution to compression ratio, which accounted for 89.35%. Through the analysis of response surface methodology (RSM), the optimum sintering parameters (St, Ht, Hr) could be considered to be 1300 °C, 148 min and 5 °C/min. In addition, verification experiments were carried out under the optimum conditions, and the experimental results were in good agreement with the predicted values, since the deviation of the predicted and experimental values was less than 4.9%. Therefore, the results of this study could certify the reliability of CCDs method, which would contribute to the development of titanium alloys with low cost and high mechanical properties.
Highlights
Titanium and titanium alloy have been extensively used in the national defense industry and the civilian industry due to their outstanding advantages including excellent corrosion resistance and high specific strength [1,2]
As the sample was cooled with furnace after sintering, the microstructure changed into lamellar structure (Figure 2) at the low cooling rate
When the sintering temperature was 1100 ◦ C, a large amount of pure titanium phase was retained, many slender and continuous pores could be observed in Figure 2a1, which indicated that the powder metallurgy (PM) Ti6Al4V
Summary
Titanium and titanium alloy have been extensively used in the national defense industry and the civilian industry due to their outstanding advantages including excellent corrosion resistance and high specific strength [1,2]. The Ti6Al4V titanium alloy has received wide attention because of its excellent corrosion resistance, high specific strength, high stiffness, and good weldability, which accounted for 50% of the total titanium alloy output and 95% of the titanium alloy components [3,4]. Titanium alloys with high strength, high density and good plasticity could be formed through forging and casting, but the problems of forging and casting could not be ignored, such as low production efficiency and high requirements for mold materials. Compared with the complex process of conventional processing of titanium alloys and the huge material loss, the near net shape (NNS) forming process was a very attractive choice [6,7,8,9,10]
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